disavowing的音标：...

avowing的音标：...

Therefore , email is confronted with such unsafe factor as leaking dropping, tempering, disavowing, etc.电子邮件与其他网上传输的信息一样,面临着信息泄漏 、 丢失 、 篡改与抵赖等不安全因素....

v.公开声明，承认( avow的现在分词 )...

v.不承认，抵赖，拒绝对…承担责任( disavow的现在分词 )...